Skimming is a speed reading strategy used as a pre-reading technique to become familiar with expository reading text before reading in depth or as an end in itself to quickly grasp the gist of a reading passage.
As a pre-reading technique, skimming helps to connect the text with any prior knowledge of the reader. Skimming also helps the reader access the story outline to provide referential context for reading. In other words, skimming helps the reader learn in advance what the gist of the reading passage is, while also reminding the reader of any background information and knowledge of how the writing is organized that will help the reader understand the text. Used as a pre-reading technique, skimming helps prepare the reader for deeper reading.
As an end in itself, skimming is a very practical and useful skill. As a speed reading technique, it saves time and allows the reader to get the flavor of a reading passage without all the details. Skimming also allows for a wider read if time is a factor. For example, a reader can certainly skim through many articles in the daily newspaper in the time it would take to read through a few. Many books can be skimmed for enjoyment or information from time to time and then read later at a more leisurely pace.
To skim, readers must first make use of expository text clues and cues for key ideas by previewing the reading passage. Textbooks often provide important study aids that can build comprehension as you flip through. Unit and chapter headings provide information about the overall focus of the reading passage. Many times, the key ideas in chapters are listed as bullet points or as key questions. In social studies texts, timelines are often helpful. The first paragraphs usually provide an introduction to the main ideas of the chapter. Subheadings and bold lettering of key terms act like newspaper headlines to tell the “Who,” “What,” “Where,” “When,” and “Why” of reading. Graphics, such as images, photographs, tables, and drawings, are particularly important to examine. In fact, “a picture can be worth a thousand words.” Sometimes a concluding paragraph or summary will emphasize key concepts. Use these expository text clues or cues for effective skimming. It pays to practice this speed reading technique to perfection.