Most people automatically think of dyslexia or attention deficit disorder when they think of a learning disability. However, recent research indicates that difficulties with written or spoken language are more appropriately categorized within a spectrum of disorders known as Language-Based Learning Disabilities (LBLD). Research has also led to the development of improved teaching methods, which are designed to support and foster academic proficiency in students with learning disabilities and those employed in schools with special needs. Parents can educate themselves on this spectrum of disabilities to better understand the challenges their child might face and how to effectively address them.
LBLD affects the understanding and use of spoken and written language. These are plotted along a spectrum because students with LBLD exhibit a variety of behaviors rather than a discrete set of symptoms. The student may have trouble pronouncing words when reading or experience difficulties with spelling, speaking, or listening comprehension. Some students struggle with all three areas, and others may struggle in one area and excel in others.
These disabilities are caused by a combination of neurobiological and environmental factors. Research suggests that LBLD may run in families. In fact, research and analysis of brain function show that people with learning disabilities have slightly different brain structures that contribute to their disorder.
The signs of LBLD can show up early, usually when young children start to talk. Parents should pay attention to children who make mistakes in the production of sounds or in the use of non-specific language to express ideas. Children who use words like “thing” or “stuff” frequently instead of the proper noun may have LBLD. Also, they may have trouble remembering or describing an event they witnessed. Finally, students with LBLD may also have social difficulties. Warning signs may include difficulty making eye contact, engaging in conversation, or staying on topic.
Parents who notice that their child has problems with language development should see a specialist for a speech, hearing and language evaluation. A comprehensive diagnostic exam includes assessment of phonology, grammar, semantics, narrative, discourse, and understanding of social language rules. The diagnostician will encourage you to work with educators to develop an individualized strategy for your child. Strategies may include helping your student remedy her weak skills or considering special needs schools, where your child can receive more attention from instructors.
Having a child diagnosed with a disability on the LBLD spectrum can be understandably shocking. However, such a diagnosis simply means that your child learns differently. In fact, most people diagnosed with learning disabilities have average or even higher intelligence. Early identification of an LBLD can help your child overcome learning obstacles and realize her potential. Studies show that recognizing the signs of a problem early in life and beginning a remedial program are vital to your student’s success. Faculty members in special needs schools are trained in teaching methods that researchers have found successful in remediating students’ abilities on the spectrum.